概 况
General
国 名:圣基茨和尼维斯联邦,圣克里斯托弗和尼维斯联邦仍可通用。
Official Name: The Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis, also be known as the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
国 旗:绿色象征绿色大地和各种农作物,红色象征独立后联邦国家的新生,黄色象征阳光,黑色象征这个岛国主要是黑色人种。两颗白色五角星象征圣基茨岛和尼维斯岛。
National Flag: The National Flag (proportions 3 by 2) comprises two triangles, one of green (with its base at the hoist and its apex in the upper fly) and the other of red (with its base in the fly and its apex in the lower hoist), separated by a broad, yellow-edged black diagonal stripe (from the lower hoist to the upper fly) bearing two five-pointed white stars.
国 徽:盾面上部绘有法兰西百合花、一个欧洲女性头像、一朵蔷薇花,象征岛国与英、法历史上的特殊关系;另说同时象征三个主要岛屿。盾面下部的“^”形红色宽带和红花象征岛国的联合政府。帆船象征1493年哥伦布航行至此。盾徽两侧的椰树和甘蔗象征农作物,白鹳象征当地特有的鸟类。盾徽上端有一顶加勒比头冠和由手臂高举的火炬,象征人民奋勇向前。下面的饰带上用英文写着“祖国至上”。
自然地理:位于东加勒比海背风群岛北部,西北是荷属安的列斯的萨巴岛和圣尤斯特歇斯岛,东北是巴布达岛,东南为安提瓜岛。尼维斯岛位于圣克里斯托弗岛(亦称圣基茨岛)东南3公里处,两岛隔一条狭窄的海峡相望。属热带海洋性气候,平均气温26度。
Location: The Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis is situated at the northern end of the Leeward Islands in the East Caribbean, with Saba and St. Eustauius (both in the Netherlands Antilles) to the northwest, Barbuda to the northeast and Antigua to the southeast. Nevis lies about 3 km. to the southeast of Saint Christopher (St. Kitts), separated by a narrow strait. The tropical heat, varying between 17 and 33 decrees centigrade , is tempered by constant sea winds, and annual rainfall averages 1,400 mm on Saint Christopher and 1,200 mm on Nevis.
面 积:267平方公里,其中圣基茨174平方公里,尼维斯93平方公里。
土地利用—森林占17.0%,草原和牧场占3.0%,农业用地占39.0%,其它占41.0%。
Area: 261.6 sq. km. (St. Kitts- 168.4 sq. km., Nevis- 93.2 sq. km.)
land use- 17.0% forests, 3.0% meadows and pastures, 39.0% agricultural and under permanent cultivation, 41.0% other.
人 口:3.8万人(2000年)
密度—每平方公里145.1人(2000年);城市人口占42.9%,年增长率1.1%(1997),平均寿命67.6岁(1998年)。
Population: 38,000 (2000)
density- 145.1 inhabs. per sq. km. (2000); urban pop.- 42.9%; pop. growth rate- 1.1% (1997); avg. life expectancy- 67.6 years (1998).
首 都:巴斯特尔;人口18,500(1992)
Capital: Basseterre; Pop.- 18,500 (1992)
语 言:英语为官方语言。
Language: English is the official language.
民 族:黑人占94.9%,混血种人占3.3%,白人占0.9%,其它种族占1.5%。
Ethnic Composition: black- 94.3%, mixed- 3.3%, white- 0.9%, other- 1.5%.
宗 教:基督教新教占76.4%,罗马天主教占10.7%,其它占12.9%。
Religion: Protestant- 76.4%, Roman Catholic- 10.7%, other- 12.9%.
货 币:1东加勒比元=100分;1美元=2.70东加勒比元(1976年以来固定汇率)
Currency: 1 East Caribbean dollar (EC$) = 100 cents; 1 U.S. dollar = EC$2.70 (fixed rate since July 1976).
节 日(2001年):新年(1月1日)、耶稣受难日(4月13日)、复活节后的星期一(4月16日)、劳动节(5月1日)、圣神降临节(6月4日)、解放日(8月7日)、英雄日(9月16日)、独立日(9月19日)、圣诞节(12月25-26日)。
Holidays (2001): Jan. 1 (New Year's Day), Apr. 13 (Good Friday), Apr. 16 (Easter Monday), May 1 (Labour Day), Jun. 4 (Whit Monday), Aug. 7 (Emancipation Day), Sep. 16 (Heroes Day), Sep. 19 (Independence Day), Dec. 25-26 (Christmas).
主要城镇:巴斯特尔、查尔斯敦。
Major Towns: Basseterre, Charlestown.